Ngo-2017, umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi walunyanzele isicwangciso"Ukufunyanwa kwangoko, isifo sokuqala, kunye nonyango lwakwangoko", enzelwe ukukhumbuza uluntu ukuba lunikele ingqalelo kwiimpawu kwangaphambili. Emva kweminyaka yeKlinikhi yeKlinikhi yeKlinikhi,Ezi ndlela zintathu ziyindlela esebenzayo yokuthintela umhlaza.
Ngokwengxelo "yengxelo yomhlaza wehlabathi 2020" ekhutshwe yi-WHO, ixelwe kwangaphambili ukuba inani lee-canys kwihlabathi liphela liya kwandisa ukuya kwi-30.2 yezigidi ngonyaka wama-20: 13.
Ngo-2020, kuya kubakho umsondezo omtsha wezigidi ezili-19 emhlabeni.Ngelo xesha, owona mjikelezo mkhulu ophambili ngenani elikhulu lomhlaza emhlabeni zezi: umhlaza wamabele (i-22.61 yezigidi), umhlaza wemiphunga), umhlaza we-gustric (kunye nesigidi sezigidi ezili-10,89,Kwinani lee-canstors ezintsha, umhlaza we-colon kunye nomhlaza we-gestric ubalwe i-15,8% yabo bonke abamhlaza.
Njengoko sonke sazi, iphetshana le-Manua libhekisa emnyango kumnyango wemvula, olubandakanya i-esophagus, isisu, i-cecreas, i-cecreas, i-cecreas, i-cecreas, i-pancreas ehambelana nayo Kufuneka unikelwe ingqalelo kwaye isicwangciso esiliqili "se-" yokuqala kufuneka siphunyezwe.
Ngo-2020, inani leemeko ezintsha zomhlaza kwilizwe lam nazo zifikelele kwizigidi ezingama-4,5, kwaye inani lokusweleka komhlaza lalizizigidi ezi-3.Umndilili we-15,000 abantu bafunyaniswa banomhlaza yonke imihla, kwaye i-10.4 yabantu bafunyaniswa benomhlaza yonke imizuzu. Isihlanu sisihlalo semiphunga(I-Accounting ye-17.9% yazo zonke ii-cancers ezintsha),Umhlaza we-coloreval (12.2%), umhlaza we-gestric (10.5%),Umhlaza wamabele (9.1%), kunye nomhlaza oPhezulu (9%). Phakathi kwee-vuni ezintathu eziphambili eziphezulu,I-Gastrointentinal yomhlaza ebandakanya i-31.7% yabo bonke abamhlaza.Ingabonwa ukuba kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ngakumbi ekufumaneni nasekuthinteleni i-digrinity phecana.
Oku kulandelayo luhlelo lwe-2020 (uphando olukhethekileyo kunye nengcebiso yokuthintela i-changhui ye-chagui) ebandakanya ukuthintela umphetho wentlungu yokuthintela umphetho kunye nesicwangciso sokuhlola:
Umhlaza we-coloreval
I-1.asyMmptomatic abantu abangaphezulu kwe-1.45 ubudala;
2.Ugqithile ngaphezulu kwe-240 ngeempawu ezingabeki kwiiveki ezimbini ":
3.Imikhono ene-ulcerative colitis ixesha elide;
4.4 abantu emva kotyando olulawulwayo;
5. Abemi emva konyango lwe-Adenoma;
6. Izihlobo zangoko nembali yosapho yomhlaza webala
7. Izihlobo zakhawulezi zangoko izigulana ezifunyaniswe zinomhlaza we-colorect ye-coloretal oneminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 ubudala
1. "Inani labemi ngokubanzi" lokudibana kwe-1-5:
.
IColonoscopy qho kwiminyaka eli-10 de ibe iminyaka engama-75;
(2) Abo baneminyaka engama-76-85, abasempilweni entle, kwaye abo banobomi obungaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10, banokuqhubeka nokugcina umhombiso.
2 Ngokuhambelana nophando lweklinikhi lwamalungu osapho olusondeleyo kwimbali yosapho yomhlaza wamabala:
.
Izalamane zokuqala ezinesidima kwaye zingaphezulu nge-adenoma yebanga eliphezulu okanye umhlaza (nakuphi na ukudala), ukuqala kweminyaka eli-10 (okanye iqala kwiminyaka eli-10 (okanye iqala iminyaka eli-10 ubudala kube kanye ngonyaka, kube kanye kwiminyaka emi-5 ye-6 Colonoscopy;
.
Qalisa ukukhangela ubudala beminyaka engama-40, ngovavanyo lwe-fobt minyaka le kunye neColonoscopy qho kwiminyaka elishumi. Ukuhlolwa kwamalungu osapho "ngomhlaza omhlaza wesithako" kwiNtlanganiso yesi-7;
Kumalungu osapho abaguli abanee-FAP kunye ne-HNPCC, uvavanyo lwe-Gegec, kucetyiswa xa utshintsho lwemfuza kwityala losapho licacile.
. (2) Kwabo banovavanyo olungelulo lwe-gene Iindlela ezi-4 ezicetyiswayo zokujonga:
.
(2) Ukufunyanwa kwegazi elinamaxabiso amaninzi kunokunceda ukuphucula ukuchaneka kwezibalo, kwaye ixabiso libiza kakhulu; (3) Ukuba iimeko zemvume, ukukhangelwa kunokwenziwa ngokudibanisa isitoli kunye neendlela zegazi.
1. Ukuzivocavoca kunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuvela kwamathumba, kunamathele kubunkokeli bezemidlalo, kwaye baqule ukunqanda ukutyeba kakhulu;
2. Ukutya okunengqondo okunempilo, ukwandisa ukuthathwa kwe-fiber ecekeceke kunye neziqhamo ezitsha, kwaye uphephe ukutya okuphezulu kunye namafutha aphezulu;
I-3 ye-non-mbutho-i-anti-inflarmatory kunye namachiza ane-anticys anokuphumelela ekuthinteleni umhlaza wentsimbi. Abantu abadala banokuzama idosi ephantsi e-aspirin, enokuthi inciphise ingozi yentliziyo yentliziyo kunye nezifo ze-cerebrovascular kunye nomhlaza weqhekeza. Nxibelelana nogqirha ngokusetyenziswa okuthile.
5.Vedruce Smunking ukunqanda ukuphakama kwetyhefu yexesha elide kunye nokuvuvukala kwe-qinghua dao.
Umhlaza wesisu
Nabani na onenye yezi meko zilandelayo yinto emngciphekweni omkhulu;
1. Ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala;
2 i-ostritis ephakathi nengaphambili
I-3. Isilonda esingapheliyo;
4. I-polyps yesisu;
I-5. I-Giast Solling Gastric Mucosa;
I-6. Isisu esisemva kwesifuba sokuBenga izilwanyana;
7. Isisu sesandla emva kotyando lomhlaza we-gestric (iinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-6 emva kotyando);
8. I-helitobacter yosulelo lwe-Pylori;
9. Imbali ecacileyo yosapho ye-Gastric okanye ye-Esophaphal.
I-10. I-ANEMIA ENGCONO:
11. I-Adenomatous Polypossis (i-FAP), i-fap yelifa le-Polyposis
Ubudala> Iminyaka engama-40 ubudala ngesisu esibuhlungu, isisu esibuhlungu, ukugculelwa kwe-Acigarical kunye ne-Gastricial ye-Epigastia, i-Gastric I-Gastric Sulcelial AtperPia kunye nezinye izilonda Kwaye izinto ezinembali yosapho yamathumbi kufuneka ziqhubeke rhoqo gesturoscopy ngokweengcebiso zikagqirha.
1. Cwangcisa imikhwa yokutya esempilweni kunye nesakhiwo sokutya, ukungabizi kakhulu;
2. Ukupheliswa kwe-helitobacter yosulelo lwe-Pylori;
3. Ukucutha ukusela kubanda, isiqholo, ukugqitha, kunye nokutya okunzima, kunye nokutya okuphezulu, kunye nokutshaya
4. Yiyeke ukutshaya;
5. Sela kancinci okanye ungatywala ubutywala;
I-6. Plala kwaye ubeke i-decompress ngokufanelekileyo
I-Esophagebal Cancer
Ubudala> Iminyaka engama-40 ubudala kwaye uhlangabezana nazo naziphi na izinto zomngcipheko zilandelayo:
1. Ukusuka kwindawo ephezulu ye-Esophagetal castring kwilizwe lam (eyona ndawo imbi kakhulu yomhlaza we-Esophageal eHiihang, eMiijie, i-jiie, i-jinjiang, njl. Njl. bagxilwe kwiindawo ezinomdla);
2. Iimpawu eziphezulu ze-gestrointerninal, ezinjenge-nausea, ukugabha, isisu, i-Acid Resoubuting, idle i-aciclel;
I-3. Imbali yosapho ye-Esophagetal Intlungu:
4. Ukubandezeleka kwi-esophagetal stecancer okanye kwizilonda zokhuseleko:
5. Ngaba unezinto ezinomngcipheko omkhulu womhlaza wephaphageal onjengokutshaya, ukusela kakhulu, ukutyeba kakhulu, ukuthanda ukutya okutshisayo, i-squous carcrama yentloko nentamo okanye intamo okanye intamo ye-carkoma yentloko nentamo.
I-6. Ukubandezeleka kwi-peries Persies
I-7. Usulelo lomntu we-papillomavirus (HPV) (HPV).
Abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu womhlaza we-Esophagetal:
1. I-endoscopy yesiqhelo, qho kwiminyaka emibini;
I-2 endoscopy nge-pathological efunyenweyo ye-Dysplasia ethambileyo yeDyspsia, i-Endoscopy kube kanye ngonyaka;
I-Endosiscopy ye-Tooscopy nge-Pothophological Dysplasia, i-endoscopy qho kwiinyanga ezintandathu
1. Ungatshayi okanye uyeke ukutshaya;
2. Ixabiso elincinci lotywala okanye utywala;
3. Yitya ukutya okufanelekileyo, yitya iziqhamo ezitsha kunye nemifuno
4. Ukuphucula ukuzilolonga kunye nokugcina ubunzima obusempilweni;
5. Musa ukutya ukutya okushushu okanye ukusela amanzi ashushu.
Umhlaza weSibindi
Amadoda angaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35 nabafazi ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-45 nangaliphi na la maqela alandelayo:
I-1. Ngaphandle kokungapheliyo i-hepatitis B rigus
2. Abo banembali yosapho yomhlaza onguSibindi;
3. Izigulana ezinesibindi seSibindi ezibangelwe yi-Schistosomiamiamis, utywala, i-cilirial ephambili ye-ciliries, njl.;
I-4. Izigulana ezinomonakalo we-desiel ophethwe ngamachiza;
5. Izigulana ezinezifo ze-metabolic ezimzuzayo, kubandakanya: i-hemochromatosis A-1 i-antitrypsin isisifo, isisifo sokugcina i-Glycogen, silibazisile i-porphyria, eTyrosinemia, njl.;
I-6. Izigulana ezinehephatitis;
7. Izigulana ezingenalo notywala
I-1. Amadoda angaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35 kwaye abafazi abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-45 ubudala benomngcipheko omkhulu womhlaza wesibindi kufuneka aphandwe;
2. Ukudityaniswa kwesicelo seSerum Apha-Fetoprotein (AFP) kunye ne-Realr B-Ultrasound, ukukhangelwa qho kwiinyanga ezi-6
I-1. Hepatitis B yogonyo;
I-2. Izigulana ezine-hepatitis engapheliyo kufuneka zifumane unyango lwe-antiphoral ngokukhawuleza ukulawula ukuphindaphinda intsholongwane intsholongwane
3. Khusela okanye unciphise ukusetyenziswa kotywala;
I-4. Yitya ukutya okukhanya kwaye kuncitshiswe ukutya kokutya okunegrisi
5. Khusela ukuthambisa ukutya okubuhlungu.
I-pancreatic umhlaza
Abantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40, ngakumbi ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50, nayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo (into yesithandathu ayiphumi umngcipheko womhlaza we-pancreatic, kodwa uvavanyo alusenziwa):
1. Imbali yosapho yomhlaza we-pancreatic kunye neswekile;
2. Kukho imbali yexesha elide yokutshaya, ukusela, ukutya okuphezulu kunye namafutha aphezulu.
3. Phakathi kunye ne-SEPRDINAL EZIQHELEKILEYO, UKUBALULA NGOKUGQIBELA Ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, kunye neempawu ezinjengokulahleka komdla, ukudinwa, ukunciphisa umzimba, iintlungu ezisezantsi, njl.;
I-4. Ii-pisodes eziphindaphindiweyo zePancreatisis engapheliyo, ngakumbi i-pancreatisis engapheliyo ye-pancreatic matye, i-pancreatic ducloous ye-duclopa, kunye ne-pseudun sypring tumation, kunye ne-sceum ye-sceum ca19-9;
I-5. Ukuqala kweqhinga ngequbuliso kwiswekile iMelitus ngaphandle kwembali yosapho;
I-6. I-Helitobacter Pylori (i-HP) elungileyo, imbali ye-Oftiontitis, i-PJ Syndrome, njl.
1. Ezi zifundo zikhankanywe apha ngasentla zihlolwa ziziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi ezifana ne-COMURTS efana ne-CA19-9, i-CT, i-CT, kwaye i-MRI, i-ERROUT inokunceda.
2. I-CT okanye i-MR Viele ngonyaka kwaba bantu bakhankanywe apha ngasentla, ngakumbi abo banembali yosapho kunye nezona ze-pancreating
1. Yeka ukutshaya nolawulo lotywala;
2. Nxibelela ukukhanya, ukutya okungena lula, ukutya okuphantsi kwamanqatha;
3. Yitya iinkukhu ezininzi, intlanzi kunye ne-shrimp, kwaye ukhuthaze ukuselwa '+ "imifuno yeentyatyambo, njengeklabishi eluhlaza, iklabishi, i-radish, njl.;
4. Ukukhuthaza imisebenzi ye-aerobic
5. Ukwenzela ukuthintela ukonakala kwezilonda ezingeneyo, ezo zinemigangatho ye-pancreatic amatye, i-Inradudunce Papilloma kunye ne-Adenoma ye-Isticem kunye ne-Adenoma okanye ezinye izilonda ze-pancreating kufuneka zifune unyango ngexesha.
Thina, iJiangxi Zhuoruhiuuuuuuuhubiopsy forceps, hemoclip, polyp snare, sclerotherapy needle, spray catheter, cytology brushes, guidewire, stone retrieval basket, nasal biliary drainage catheter etc.ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-EMR, e-ESD, ERCP. Iimveliso zethu kufuneka ziqinisekiswe, kwaye izityalo zethu ziqinisekisiwe. Impahla yethu ithunyelwe eYurophu, iMntla Melika, eMbindi Mpuma kunye nenxalenye yeAsia, kwaye ifumana umthengi wokuqonda kunye nokudumisa!
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UPE-09-2022